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# Equivalent Fractions

## Expand and simplify to find equivalent fractions.

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Equivalent Fractions

Credit: m01229
Source: https://www.flickr.com/photos/39908901@N06/12061001653/

After the party, there was still 34\begin{align*}\frac{3}{4}\end{align*} of the cake left over. Mike wants people to take some cake home with them. If there are 9 people, how much of the cake will each person take with them?

In this concept, you will learn to find an equivalent fraction.

### Guidance

A fraction is a part of a whole. It describes the relationship between a part of something and the whole thing. A fraction has two numbers separated by a fraction bar. The top number is called the numerator and tells you how many parts there are out of the whole. The bottom number is the denominator. It tells you how many parts the whole has been divided into.

Here is a fraction.

45

There are 4 parts and the whole is divided into 5 parts. Fractions can also be represented as a picture.

Here is a picture of a fraction.

The whole has been divided into ten parts. This is our denominator. Five out of ten are shaded. This is our numerator.

510

The fraction for the parts that are not shaded would also be 510\begin{align*}\frac{5}{10}\end{align*}. Notice that half of the image is shaded. Remember that a half is also written as the fraction 12\begin{align*}\frac{1}{2}\end{align*}. Therefore, 510\begin{align*}\frac{5}{10}\end{align*} is the same as 12\begin{align*}\frac{1}{2}\end{align*}. When two fractions have the same value, the fractions are equivalent fractions.

The bars below visually represent equivalent fractions.

The shaded part of each bar represents a fraction that is equivalent to one half.

12=24=36=48

To find equivalent fractions, multiply the numerator and denominator by the same number. If the numerator and denominator have a common factor other than 1, you can also divide the numerator and denominator by a common factor.

Here is a fraction.

612

Find two equivalent fractions by multiplying or dividing.

First, multiply the numerator and denominator by the same number. Let’s choose 2.

6×212×2=1224

The numbers 6 and 12 have common factors.

61,2,3,6121,2,3,4,6,12

Let’s try dividing to find a second equivalent fraction.

First, divide the numerator and denominator by a common factor. Let’s choose 3.

6÷312÷3=24

Two equivalent fraction for 612\begin{align*}\frac{6}{12}\end{align*} is 1224\begin{align*}\frac{12}{24}\end{align*} and 24\begin{align*}\frac{2}{4}\end{align*}.

612=1224=24

### Guided Practice

Find an equivalent fraction.

34

Multiply the numerator and denominator by the same number. Let’s choose 2.

3×24×268==6834

An equivalent fraction of 34\begin{align*}\frac{3}{4}\end{align*} is 68\begin{align*}\frac{6}{8}\end{align*}.

### Examples

Find an equivalent fraction for the following fractions.

#### Example 1

14

Multiply the numerator and denominator by the same number.

1×24×2=28

An equivalent fraction for 14\begin{align*}\frac{1}{4}\end{align*} is 28\begin{align*}\frac{2}{8}\end{align*}.

#### Example 2

23

Multiply the numerator and denominator by the same number.

2×23×3=69

An equivalent fraction for 23\begin{align*}\frac{2}{3}\end{align*} is 69\begin{align*}\frac{6}{9}\end{align*}.

#### Example 3

810

Divide the numerator and denominator by a common factor, 2.

8÷210÷2=45

An equivalent fraction for 810\begin{align*}\frac{8}{10}\end{align*} is 45\begin{align*}\frac{4}{5}\end{align*}.

Credit: Kimberly Vardeman
Source: https://www.flickr.com/photos/kimberlykv/4222665114/

Remember Mike and the cake?

Mike wants to evenly divide 34\begin{align*}\frac{3}{4}\end{align*} of the cake between 9 people. Find an equivalent fraction of 34\begin{align*}\frac{3}{4}\end{align*} where the numerator equals 9.

Multiply the numerator and denominator by the same number.

3×34×3=912

If Mike divides the leftover cake evenly between 9 people, each person will take home 112\begin{align*}\frac{1}{12}\end{align*} of the original cake.

### Explore More

Find an equivalent fraction for the following fractions.

1. 12\begin{align*}\frac{1}{2}\end{align*}

2. 13\begin{align*}\frac{1}{3}\end{align*}

3. 14\begin{align*}\frac{1}{4}\end{align*}

4. 15\begin{align*}\frac{1}{5}\end{align*}

5. 23\begin{align*}\frac{2}{3}\end{align*}

6. 25\begin{align*}\frac{2}{5}\end{align*}

7. 34\begin{align*}\frac{3}{4}\end{align*}

8. 310\begin{align*}\frac{3}{10}\end{align*}

9. 29\begin{align*}\frac{2}{9}\end{align*}

10. 27\begin{align*}\frac{2}{7}\end{align*}

Determine if each pair of fractions is equivalent. Use true or false as your answer.

11. 12\begin{align*}\frac{1}{2}\end{align*} and 36\begin{align*}\frac{3}{6}\end{align*}

12. 23\begin{align*}\frac{2}{3}\end{align*} and 49\begin{align*}\frac{4}{9}\end{align*}

13. \begin{align*}\frac{2}{5}\end{align*} and \begin{align*}\frac{4}{20}\end{align*}

14. \begin{align*}\frac{3}{7}\end{align*} and \begin{align*}\frac{9}{21}\end{align*}

15. \begin{align*}\frac{5}{9}\end{align*} and \begin{align*}\frac{25}{45}\end{align*}

### Vocabulary Language: English

Denominator

Denominator

The denominator of a fraction (rational number) is the number on the bottom and indicates the total number of equal parts in the whole or the group. $\frac{5}{8}$ has denominator $8$.
Equivalent

Equivalent

Equivalent means equal in value or meaning.
fraction

fraction

A fraction is a part of a whole. A fraction is written mathematically as one value on top of another, separated by a fraction bar. It is also called a rational number.
Numerator

Numerator

The numerator is the number above the fraction bar in a fraction.