[{id:"1800",title:"Studying Life"},{id:"1801",title:"Introduction to Living Organisms"},{id:"1802",title:"Cells and Their Structures"},{id:"1803",title:"Cell Functions"},{id:"1804",title:"Cell Division, Reproduction, and DNA"},{id:"1805",title:"Genetics"},{id:"1806",title:"Evolution"},{id:"1807",title:"Prokaryotes"},{id:"1808",title:"Protists and Fungi"},{id:"1809",title:"Plants"},{id:"1810",title:"Introduction to Invertebrates"},{id:"1811",title:"Other Invertebrates"},{id:"1812",title:"Fishes, Amphibians, and Reptiles"},{id:"1813",title:"Birds and Mammals"},{id:"1814",title:"Behavior of Animals"},{id:"1815",title:"Skin, Bones, and Muscles"},{id:"1816",title:"Food and the Digestive System"},{id:"1817",title:"Cardiovascular System"},{id:"1818",title:"Respiratory and Excretory Systems"},{id:"1819",title:"Controlling the Body"},{id:"4327",title:"Diseases and the Body's Defenses"},{id:"1821",title:"Reproductive Systems and Life Stages"},{id:"1822",title:"From Populations to the Biosphere"},{id:"1823",title:"Ecosystem Dynamics"},{id:"1824",title:"Environmental Problems"},{id:"5678",title:"Appendix: Life Science"},]
FlexBook: CK-12 Life Science
Table of Contents
Chapter Title
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This chapter serves as an introduction to life science for the middle school student. This chapter covers the nature of science, including the scientific method and the tools used in science, as well as safety in scientific research.
Categories: Life Science , Cells , Evolution , Genetics
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: basic research , biological sciences , predictions , hypotheses
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:21 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
Studying Life
This chapter is a general introduction to living things: what they are, what they are made of, and how they are classified. Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids are introduced in this chapter.
Categories: DNA , Chemicals of Life , Elements and Compounds , Organic Compounds
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: genetic information , reproduction , genetic , deoxyribonucleic acid
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:21 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
Introduction to Living Organisms
This chapter discusses cells, what they are and what they are made of. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells are discussed, as are the major organelles of eukaryotic cells.
Categories: Life Science , Cells , Cell Structure , Science
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation
Tags: electron microscope , structure , enzymes , lipids
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:22 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
Cells and Their Structures
Cell functions, including active transport, passive transport, photosynthesis, and cellular respiration are discussed in this chapter.
Categories: Cells , Cell Function , Cellular Respiration , Photosynthesis
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: pinocytosis , selectively permeable , sodium-potassium pump , hypertonic
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:22 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
Cell Functions
Cell division and reproduction – including mitosis and meiosis – are discussed in this chapter, as is the relationship between DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis.
Categories: Cells , Cell Division , Cell Function , Cell Structure
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: interphase , kinetochore , spindle , cytokinesis
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:22 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
Cell Division, Reproduction, and DNA
Genetics – from Gregor Mendel and his pea plants to modern advances, including the Human Genome Project and gene therapy – are presented in this chapter.
Categories: DNA , Genetics , Genetic Advances , Human Genetics
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: plasmid , human genome project , recombinant dna , somatic cell
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:22 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
Genetics
The findings of Charles Darwin leading to the theory of evolution by natural selection, the history of life on Earth, and the evidence of evolution are discussed in this chapter.
Categories: Evolution , Darwin's Theory of Evolution , Evidence of Evolution , History of Life on Earth
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: galapagos islands , jean-baptiste lamarck , erasmus darwin , charles lyell
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:22 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
Evolution
Bacteria and Archaea make up prokaryotic organisms. The properties and characteristics of prokaryotes are presented in this chapter.
Categories: Life Science , Archea , Prokaryotes , Science
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: chemotroph , transduction , conjugation , transformation
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:22 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
Prokaryotes
The properties and characteristics of protists and fungi, from how they obtain food to how they reproduce, are discussed in this chapter.
Categories:
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: sexual reproduction , parasexual , diploid , meiosis
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:22 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
Protists and Fungi
This chapter introduces plants, from nonvascular plants to vascular plants to gymnosperms and angiosperms. Plant responses, including hormones and tropisms, are also presented.
Categories: Life Science , Plants , Plant Responses , Seed Plants
Grades: 7 , 8 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: liverworts , ferns , seedless vascular plants , alternation of generations
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:22 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
Plants
This chapter gives an overview of animals and further discusses sponges, cnidarians, and worms, including flatworms, roundworms, and segmented worms.
Categories: Life Science , Invertebrates , Characteristics , Classification
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: worms , leeches , annelida , invertebrates
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:22 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
Introduction to Invertebrates
This chapter discusses additional animals without backbones: the mollusks, echinoderms, arthropods, and insects.
Categories: Invertebrates , Arthropods , Characteristics , Echinoderms
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: head , insect , arthropod , echinoderm
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:22 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
Other Invertebrates
This chapter introduces vertebrates, animals with backbones - fishes, amphibians, and reptiles – from jawless fish to amphibians that must live near water to reptiles that can live anywhere.
Categories: Life Science , Vertebrates , Amphibians , Characteristics
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: valarian respiration , hyoid bone , ecdysis , convergent adaptation
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:22 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
Fishes, Amphibians, and Reptiles
Characteristics and properties of birds and mammals are discussed in this chapter. The tremendous diversity of birds and the significance of mammals are highlighted.
Categories: Vertebrates , Birds , Characteristics , Classification
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: aerofoil , polygamous , precocial , altricial
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:22 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
Birds and Mammals
Types of animal behaviors, including communication, cooperation, mating and raising young, and daily and yearly cycles are presented in this chapter.
Categories: Life Science , Animal Behavior , Science
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: mating , display behavior , hibernation , migration
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:22 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
Behavior of Animals
This chapter introduces the human body and its organization. The skeletal, muscular, and integumentary (skin) systems are presented.
Categories: Living Things , The Human Body , Skeletal System , Skin
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation
Tags: tissues , organs , organ systems , epidermis
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:22 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
Skin, Bones, and Muscles
In this chapter, food (and nutrients) and how to choose healthy food are discussed, as is the digestive system. The MyPyramid diagram is presented.
Categories: Chemicals of Life , Organic Compounds , The Human Body , Digestive System
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: peristalsis , vitamins , lipids , proteins
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:22 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
Food and the Digestive System
This chapter introduces the heart, blood, and blood vessels, as well as discusses cardiovascular disease and health.
Categories: Life Science , The Human Body , Cardiovascular System , Vertebrates
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: vein , capillary , arteries , stroke
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:22 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
Cardiovascular System
Presented in this chapter are how we breathe (the respiratory system) and how we get rid of waste (the excretory system).
Categories: Living Things , The Human Body , Excretory System , Respiratory System
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation
Tags: emphysema , respiratory diseases , bladder , urethra
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:23 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
Respiratory and Excretory Systems
In this chapter, the nervous system and the health of this system are discussed. The senses – vision, hearing, touch, smell, and taste are also presented.
Categories: Cell Function , Living Things , The Human Body , Eyes and Vision
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation
Tags: nervous system , hearing , vision , senses
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:23 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
Controlling the Body
How the body protects itself is discussed in this chapter. Infectious and noninfectious diseases, the first two lines of nonspecific defenses, and the specific immune response are presented.
Categories: Living Things , The Human Body , Diseases and the Body's Defenses , The Immune System
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation
Tags: allergy , inflammation , phagocytosis , fever
Created: Feb. 12, 2010 09:07 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
Diseases and the Body's Defenses
The male and female reproductive systems and maintaining the health of these systems – including STDs - is presented in this chapter. Reproduction, fertilization, and various stages of development and life are also presented.
Categories: Living Things , Reproductive Systems and Life Stages , Female Reproductive System , Male Reproductive System
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: female reproductive system , male , reproduction , std
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:23 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
Reproductive Systems and Life Stages
This chapter introduces ecology and discusses the ecosystem beginning with the population. Communities, ecosystems, biotic and abiotic factors, and biomes are also presented.
Categories: Life Science , Ecology , Biomes and the Biosphere , Communities
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: community , biotic , abiotic , biomes
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:23 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
From Populations to the Biosphere
How energy flows through an ecosystem, how matter recycles through ecosystems, and how ecosystems change over time make up this chapter.
Categories: Chemicals of Life , Elements and Compounds , Ecology , Ecosystem Dynamics
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: aquifers , groundwater , denitrifying bacteria , global warming
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:23 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
Ecosystem Dynamics
Air pollution, water pollution, renewable and nonrenewable resources, habitat destruction and extinction, and the importance of biodiversity are discussed in this chapter.
Categories: Biomes and the Biosphere , Ecosystems , Environmental Problems , Air Pollution
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: alternative energy , renewable resources , biodiversity , water pollution
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:23 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
Environmental Problems
Categories:
Grades:
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation
Tags:
Created: Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
Appendix: Life Science
CK-12 Life Science
CK-12 Life Science
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Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:21 PM
Last modified: 2 months, 2 weeks ago

CK-12 Life Science covers seven units: Understanding Living Things; Cells: The Building Blocks of Life; Genetics and Evolution; Prokaryotes, Protists, Fungi, and Plants; The Animal Kingdom; The Human Body; and Ecology.

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