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[{id:"1800",title:"Studying Life"},{id:"1801",title:"Introduction to Living Organisms"},{id:"1802",title:"Cells and Their Structures"},{id:"1803",title:"Cell Functions"},{id:"1804",title:"Cell Division, Reproduction, and DNA"},{id:"1805",title:"Genetics"},{id:"1806",title:"Evolution"},{id:"1807",title:"Prokaryotes"},{id:"1808",title:"Protists and Fungi"},{id:"1809",title:"Plants"},{id:"1810",title:"Introduction to Invertebrates"},{id:"1811",title:"Other Invertebrates"},{id:"1812",title:"Fishes, Amphibians, and Reptiles"},{id:"1813",title:"Birds and Mammals"},{id:"1814",title:"Behavior of Animals"},{id:"1815",title:"Skin, Bones, and Muscles"},{id:"1816",title:"Food and the Digestive System"},{id:"1817",title:"Cardiovascular System"},{id:"1818",title:"Respiratory and Excretory Systems"},{id:"1819",title:"Controlling the Body"},{id:"4327",title:"Diseases and the Body's Defenses"},{id:"1821",title:"Reproductive Systems and Life Stages"},{id:"1822",title:"From Populations to the Biosphere"},{id:"1823",title:"Ecosystem Dynamics"},{id:"1824",title:"Environmental Problems"},{id:"5678",title:"Appendix: Life Science"},]
Studying Life
This chapter serves as an introduction to life science for the middle school student. This chapter...
Created:
Sep. 17, 2009 06:21 PM
Last edited:
Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
This chapter serves as an introduction to life science for the middle school student. This chapter covers the nature of science, including the scientific method and the tools used in science, as well as safety in scientific research.
Categories:
Life Science
,
Cells
,
Evolution
,
Genetics
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations:
CK-12 Foundation
,
CK-12 Community
Tags:
basic research
,
biological sciences
,
predictions
,
hypotheses
Studying Life
Introduction to Living Organisms
This chapter is a general introduction to living things: what they are, what they are made of, and...
Created:
Sep. 17, 2009 06:21 PM
Last edited:
Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
This chapter is a general introduction to living things: what they are, what they are made of, and how they are classified. Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids are introduced in this chapter.
Categories:
DNA
,
Chemicals of Life
,
Elements and Compounds
,
Organic Compounds
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations:
CK-12 Foundation
,
CK-12 Community
Tags:
genetic information
,
reproduction
,
genetic
,
deoxyribonucleic acid
Introduction to Living Organisms
Cells and Their Structures
This chapter discusses cells, what they are and what they are made of. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic...
Created:
Sep. 17, 2009 06:22 PM
Last edited:
Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
This chapter discusses cells, what they are and what they are made of. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells are discussed, as are the major organelles of eukaryotic cells.
Categories:
Life Science
,
Cells
,
Cell Structure
,
Science
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations:
CK-12 Foundation
Tags:
electron microscope
,
structure
,
enzymes
,
lipids
Cells and Their Structures
Cell Functions
Cell functions, including active transport, passive transport, photosynthesis, and cellular...
Created:
Sep. 17, 2009 06:22 PM
Last edited:
Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
Cell functions, including active transport, passive transport, photosynthesis, and cellular respiration are discussed in this chapter.
Categories:
Cells
,
Cell Function
,
Cellular Respiration
,
Photosynthesis
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations:
CK-12 Foundation
,
CK-12 Community
Tags:
pinocytosis
,
selectively permeable
,
sodium-potassium pump
,
hypertonic
Cell Functions
Cell Division, Reproduction, and DNA
Cell division and reproduction – including mitosis and meiosis – are discussed in this chapter, as i...
Created:
Sep. 17, 2009 06:22 PM
Last edited:
Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
Cell division and reproduction – including mitosis and meiosis – are discussed in this chapter, as is the relationship between DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis.
Categories:
Cells
,
Cell Division
,
Cell Function
,
Cell Structure
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations:
CK-12 Foundation
,
CK-12 Community
Tags:
interphase
,
kinetochore
,
spindle
,
cytokinesis
Cell Division, Reproduction, and DNA
Genetics
Genetics – from Gregor Mendel and his pea plants to modern advances, including the Human Genome...
Created:
Sep. 17, 2009 06:22 PM
Last edited:
Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
Genetics – from Gregor Mendel and his pea plants to modern advances, including the Human Genome Project and gene therapy – are presented in this chapter.
Categories:
DNA
,
Genetics
,
Genetic Advances
,
Human Genetics
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations:
CK-12 Foundation
,
CK-12 Community
Tags:
plasmid
,
human genome project
,
recombinant dna
,
somatic cell
Genetics
Evolution
The findings of Charles Darwin leading to the theory of evolution by natural selection, the history...
Created:
Sep. 17, 2009 06:22 PM
Last edited:
Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
The findings of Charles Darwin leading to the theory of evolution by natural selection, the history of life on Earth, and the evidence of evolution are discussed in this chapter.
Categories:
Evolution
,
Darwin's Theory of Evolution
,
Evidence of Evolution
,
History of Life on Earth
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations:
CK-12 Foundation
,
CK-12 Community
Tags:
galapagos islands
,
jean-baptiste lamarck
,
erasmus darwin
,
charles lyell
Evolution
Prokaryotes
Bacteria and Archaea make up prokaryotic organisms. The properties and characteristics of prokaryote...
Created:
Sep. 17, 2009 06:22 PM
Last edited:
Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
Bacteria and Archaea make up prokaryotic organisms. The properties and characteristics of prokaryotes are presented in this chapter.
Categories:
Life Science
,
Archea
,
Prokaryotes
,
Science
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations:
CK-12 Foundation
,
CK-12 Community
Tags:
chemotroph
,
transduction
,
conjugation
,
transformation
Prokaryotes
Protists and Fungi
The properties and characteristics of protists and fungi, from how they obtain food to how they...
Created:
Sep. 17, 2009 06:22 PM
Last edited:
Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
The properties and characteristics of protists and fungi, from how they obtain food to how they reproduce, are discussed in this chapter.
Categories:
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations:
CK-12 Foundation
,
CK-12 Community
Tags:
sexual reproduction
,
parasexual
,
diploid
,
meiosis
Protists and Fungi
Plants
This chapter introduces plants, from nonvascular plants to vascular plants to gymnosperms and...
Created:
Sep. 17, 2009 06:22 PM
Last edited:
Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
This chapter introduces plants, from nonvascular plants to vascular plants to gymnosperms and angiosperms. Plant responses, including hormones and tropisms, are also presented.
Categories:
Life Science
,
Plants
,
Plant Responses
,
Seed Plants
Grades: 7 , 8 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations:
CK-12 Foundation
,
CK-12 Community
Tags:
liverworts
,
ferns
,
seedless vascular plants
,
alternation of generations
Plants
Introduction to Invertebrates
This chapter gives an overview of animals and further discusses sponges, cnidarians, and worms,...
Created:
Sep. 17, 2009 06:22 PM
Last edited:
Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
This chapter gives an overview of animals and further discusses sponges, cnidarians, and worms, including flatworms, roundworms, and segmented worms.
Categories:
Life Science
,
Invertebrates
,
Characteristics
,
Classification
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations:
CK-12 Foundation
,
CK-12 Community
Tags:
worms
,
leeches
,
annelida
,
invertebrates
Introduction to Invertebrates
Other Invertebrates
This chapter discusses additional animals without backbones: the mollusks, echinoderms, arthropods,...
Created:
Sep. 17, 2009 06:22 PM
Last edited:
Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
This chapter discusses additional animals without backbones: the mollusks, echinoderms, arthropods, and insects.
Categories:
Invertebrates
,
Arthropods
,
Characteristics
,
Echinoderms
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations:
CK-12 Foundation
,
CK-12 Community
Tags:
head
,
insect
,
arthropod
,
echinoderm
Other Invertebrates
Fishes, Amphibians, and Reptiles
This chapter introduces vertebrates, animals with backbones - fishes, amphibians, and reptiles – fro...
Created:
Sep. 17, 2009 06:22 PM
Last edited:
Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
This chapter introduces vertebrates, animals with backbones - fishes, amphibians, and reptiles – from jawless fish to amphibians that must live near water to reptiles that can live anywhere.
Categories:
Life Science
,
Vertebrates
,
Amphibians
,
Characteristics
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations:
CK-12 Foundation
,
CK-12 Community
Tags:
valarian respiration
,
hyoid bone
,
ecdysis
,
convergent adaptation
Fishes, Amphibians, and Reptiles
Birds and Mammals
Characteristics and properties of birds and mammals are discussed in this chapter. The tremendous...
Created:
Sep. 17, 2009 06:22 PM
Last edited:
Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
Characteristics and properties of birds and mammals are discussed in this chapter. The tremendous diversity of birds and the significance of mammals are highlighted.
Categories:
Vertebrates
,
Birds
,
Characteristics
,
Classification
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations:
CK-12 Foundation
,
CK-12 Community
Tags:
aerofoil
,
polygamous
,
precocial
,
altricial
Birds and Mammals
Behavior of Animals
Types of animal behaviors, including communication, cooperation, mating and raising young, and...
Created:
Sep. 17, 2009 06:22 PM
Last edited:
Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
Types of animal behaviors, including communication, cooperation, mating and raising young, and daily and yearly cycles are presented in this chapter.
Categories:
Life Science
,
Animal Behavior
,
Science
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations:
CK-12 Foundation
,
CK-12 Community
Tags:
mating
,
display behavior
,
hibernation
,
migration
Behavior of Animals
Skin, Bones, and Muscles
This chapter introduces the human body and its organization. The skeletal, muscular, and...
Created:
Sep. 17, 2009 06:22 PM
Last edited:
Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
This chapter introduces the human body and its organization. The skeletal, muscular, and integumentary (skin) systems are presented.
Categories:
Living Things
,
The Human Body
,
Skeletal System
,
Skin
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations:
CK-12 Foundation
Tags:
tissues
,
organs
,
organ systems
,
epidermis
Skin, Bones, and Muscles
Food and the Digestive System
In this chapter, food (and nutrients) and how to choose healthy food are discussed, as is the...
Created:
Sep. 17, 2009 06:22 PM
Last edited:
Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
In this chapter, food (and nutrients) and how to choose healthy food are discussed, as is the digestive system. The MyPyramid diagram is presented.
Categories:
Chemicals of Life
,
Organic Compounds
,
The Human Body
,
Digestive System
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations:
CK-12 Foundation
,
CK-12 Community
Tags:
peristalsis
,
vitamins
,
lipids
,
proteins
Food and the Digestive System
Cardiovascular System
This chapter introduces the heart, blood, and blood vessels, as well as discusses cardiovascular...
Created:
Sep. 17, 2009 06:22 PM
Last edited:
Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
This chapter introduces the heart, blood, and blood vessels, as well as discusses cardiovascular disease and health.
Categories:
Life Science
,
The Human Body
,
Cardiovascular System
,
Vertebrates
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations:
CK-12 Foundation
,
CK-12 Community
Tags:
vein
,
capillary
,
arteries
,
stroke
Cardiovascular System
Respiratory and Excretory Systems
Presented in this chapter are how we breathe (the respiratory system) and how we get rid of waste...
Created:
Sep. 17, 2009 06:23 PM
Last edited:
Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
Presented in this chapter are how we breathe (the respiratory system) and how we get rid of waste (the excretory system).
Categories:
Living Things
,
The Human Body
,
Excretory System
,
Respiratory System
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations:
CK-12 Foundation
Tags:
emphysema
,
respiratory diseases
,
bladder
,
urethra
Respiratory and Excretory Systems
Controlling the Body
In this chapter, the nervous system and the health of this system are discussed. The senses – vision...
Created:
Sep. 17, 2009 06:23 PM
Last edited:
Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
In this chapter, the nervous system and the health of this system are discussed. The senses – vision, hearing, touch, smell, and taste are also presented.
Categories:
Cell Function
,
Living Things
,
The Human Body
,
Eyes and Vision
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations:
CK-12 Foundation
Tags:
nervous system
,
hearing
,
vision
,
senses
Controlling the Body
Diseases and the Body's Defenses
How the body protects itself is discussed in this chapter. Infectious and noninfectious diseases, th...
Created:
Feb. 12, 2010 09:07 PM
Last edited:
Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
How the body protects itself is discussed in this chapter. Infectious and noninfectious diseases, the first two lines of nonspecific defenses, and the specific immune response are presented.
Categories:
Living Things
,
The Human Body
,
Diseases and the Body's Defenses
,
The Immune System
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations:
CK-12 Foundation
Tags:
allergy
,
inflammation
,
phagocytosis
,
fever
Diseases and the Body's Defenses
Reproductive Systems and Life Stages
The male and female reproductive systems and maintaining the health of these systems – including STD...
Created:
Sep. 17, 2009 06:23 PM
Last edited:
Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
The male and female reproductive systems and maintaining the health of these systems – including STDs - is presented in this chapter. Reproduction, fertilization, and various stages of development and life are also presented.
Categories:
Living Things
,
Reproductive Systems and Life Stages
,
Female Reproductive System
,
Male Reproductive System
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations:
CK-12 Foundation
,
CK-12 Community
Tags:
female reproductive system
,
male
,
reproduction
,
std
Reproductive Systems and Life Stages
From Populations to the Biosphere
This chapter introduces ecology and discusses the ecosystem beginning with the population....
Created:
Sep. 17, 2009 06:23 PM
Last edited:
Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
This chapter introduces ecology and discusses the ecosystem beginning with the population. Communities, ecosystems, biotic and abiotic factors, and biomes are also presented.
Categories:
Life Science
,
Ecology
,
Biomes and the Biosphere
,
Communities
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations:
CK-12 Foundation
,
CK-12 Community
Tags:
community
,
biotic
,
abiotic
,
biomes
From Populations to the Biosphere
Ecosystem Dynamics
How energy flows through an ecosystem, how matter recycles through ecosystems, and how ecosystems...
Created:
Sep. 17, 2009 06:23 PM
Last edited:
Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
How energy flows through an ecosystem, how matter recycles through ecosystems, and how ecosystems change over time make up this chapter.
Categories:
Chemicals of Life
,
Elements and Compounds
,
Ecology
,
Ecosystem Dynamics
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations:
CK-12 Foundation
,
CK-12 Community
Tags:
aquifers
,
groundwater
,
denitrifying bacteria
,
global warming
Ecosystem Dynamics
Environmental Problems
Air pollution, water pollution, renewable and nonrenewable resources, habitat destruction and...
Created:
Sep. 17, 2009 06:23 PM
Last edited:
Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
Air pollution, water pollution, renewable and nonrenewable resources, habitat destruction and extinction, and the importance of biodiversity are discussed in this chapter.
Categories:
Biomes and the Biosphere
,
Ecosystems
,
Environmental Problems
,
Air Pollution
Grades: 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12
Organizations:
CK-12 Foundation
,
CK-12 Community
Tags:
alternative energy
,
renewable resources
,
biodiversity
,
water pollution
Environmental Problems
Appendix: Life Science
Created:
Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
Last edited:
Jun. 16, 2010 10:22 AM
Categories:
Grades:
Organizations:
CK-12 Foundation
Tags:
Appendix: Life Science
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