[{id:"1825",title:"What is Earth Science?"},{id:"4336",title:"Studying Earth’s Surface"},{id:"1827",title:"Earth's Minerals"},{id:"1828",title:"Rocks"},{id:"1829",title:"Earth's Energy"},{id:"1830",title:"Plate Tectonics"},{id:"1831",title:"Earthquakes"},{id:"1832",title:"Volcanoes"},{id:"1833",title:"Weathering and Formation of Soil"},{id:"1834",title:"Erosion and Deposition"},{id:"1835",title:"Evidence About Earth's Past"},{id:"1836",title:"Earth's History"},{id:"1837",title:"Earth's Fresh Water"},{id:"1838",title:"Earth's Oceans"},{id:"1839",title:"Earth's Atmosphere"},{id:"1840",title:"Weather"},{id:"1841",title:"Climate"},{id:"1842",title:"Ecosystems and Human Populations"},{id:"1843",title:"Human Actions and the Land"},{id:"1844",title:"Human Actions and Earth's Resources"},{id:"1845",title:"Human Actions and Earth's Waters"},{id:"1846",title:"Human Actions and the Atmosphere"},{id:"1847",title:"Observing and Exploring Space"},{id:"1848",title:"Earth, Moon, and Sun"},{id:"1849",title:"The Solar System"},{id:"1850",title:"Stars, Galaxies, and the Universe"},]
FlexBook: CK-12 Earth Science
Table of Contents
Chapter Title
Creator
Label
This chapter covers the scientific method and the various branches of Earth Science.
Categories: Foundations of Earth Science , Astronomy , Earth Science and Its Branches , Geology
Grades: 6 , 7 , 8 , 9
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: astronomy , conclusion , physical models , conceptual models
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:56 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 12:09 PM
What is Earth Science?
This chapter informs students about different types of landforms on Earth, map projections, and the use of computers and satellites to study and understand Earth's surface.
Categories: Earth , Computers , Earth's Surface , Modeling
Grades: 6 , 7 , 8 , 9
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation
Tags: geological unit , fold , fault , surface map
Created: Feb. 12, 2010 09:33 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 12:09 PM
Studying Earth’s Surface
This chapter covers types of minerals and how they form, how to identify minerals using their physical properties as well as the various ways minerals form and are used as resources.
Categories: Minerals , Characteristics , Groups , Structures
Grades: 6 , 7 , 8 , 9
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: element , gemstone , mineral groups , inorganic
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:57 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 12:09 PM
Earth's Minerals
This chapter discusses the rock cycle and each of the three major types of rocks that form on Earth. Separate sections cover igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks individually.
Categories: Rocks , Igneous , Metamorphic , Sedimentary
Grades: 6 , 7 , 8 , 9
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: magma , metamorphic , foliation , cementation
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:57 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 12:09 PM
Rocks
This chapter discusses available nonrenewable and renewable resources, including resources such as fossil fuels, nuclear energy and solar, wind and water power.
Categories: Energy , Nonrenewable Resources , Renewable Resources , Resources
Grades: 6 , 7 , 8 , 9
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: fuel , nuclear energy , solar energy , water power
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:57 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 12:09 PM
Earth's Energy
This chapter covers properties of Earth's interior, continental drift, seafloor spreading, theories of plate tectonic movement, plate boundaries, and landforms.
Categories: Earth , Plate Tectonics , Continental Drift , Earth's Interior
Grades: 6 , 7 , 8 , 9
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: subduction , trench , mid-ocean ridge , convection
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:57 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 12:09 PM
Plate Tectonics
The chapter begins with discussion of stresses on rocks and mountain building. Understanding the causes of earthquakes, seismic waves, tsunami and ways to predict earthquakes are followed by information about staying safe during an earthquake.
Categories: Earth Science , Earth , Earthquakes , Science
Grades: 6 , 7 , 8 , 9
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: earthquake , secondary waves , primary waves , fold
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:57 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 12:09 PM
Earthquakes
The chapter considers how and where volcanoes form, types of magma and consequent types of eruptions, as well as different volcanic landforms associated with each.
Categories: Earth Science , Earth , Volcanoes , Science
Grades: 6 , 7 , 8 , 9
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: shield volcano , lava , intrusive rock , cinder cone
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:57 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 12:09 PM
Volcanoes
This chapter begins with a discussion of mechanical and chemical weathering of rock. These concepts are applied to the formation of soil, soil horizons, and different climates related soils.
Categories: Earth , Soil , Weathering , Earth Science
Grades: 6 , 7 , 8 , 9
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: mechanical weathering , soil , climate , soil conservation
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:57 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 12:09 PM
Weathering and Formation of Soil
Erosion and Deposition considers how these processes shape Earth's surface through the actions of rivers, streams, groundwater, wind, waves, glaciers, and gravity.
Categories: Erosion , Glacial Deposition , Gravitational Deposition , Water Erosion and Deposition
Grades: 6 , 7 , 8 , 9
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: glaciers , river deposition , floodplain , river erosion
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:57 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 12:09 PM
Erosion and Deposition
This chapter discusses different modes of fossilization, correlation of rock units using relative age dating methods, and absolute age dating of rocks.
Categories: Earth's Past , Absolute Age of Rocks , Fossils , Relative Age of Rocks
Grades: 6 , 7 , 8 , 9
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: permineralization , cast , amber , microfossil
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:57 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 12:09 PM
Evidence About Earth's Past
This chapter discusses the geologic time scale, the development of Earth from early in its history through today, and the evolution of life on Earth.
Categories: Earth's History , Early Earth , Geologic Time Scale , Life Forms
Grades: 6 , 7 , 8 , 9
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: fossils , earth's formation , absolute dating , evolutionary change
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:57 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 12:09 PM
Earth's History
This chapter considers the water cycle and develops student understanding of our lakes, rivers, streams, and groundwater.
Categories: Water , Distribution , Surface Water , Underground Water
Grades: 6 , 7 , 8 , 9
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: lakes , geysers , aquifers , groundwater
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:57 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 12:09 PM
Earth's Fresh Water
This chapter discusses how Earth's oceans were formed, the composition of ocean water, as well as the action of waves and tides. Discussion continues with descriptions of the various areas of the seafloor and types of ocean life.
Categories: Ocean , Composition , Formation , Movement
Grades: 6 , 7 , 8 , 9
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: wave , upwelling , pangaea , panthalassa
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:57 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 12:09 PM
Earth's Oceans
This chapter covers the properties, significance, and layers of the Earth’s atmosphere, how energy transfers within our atmosphere, and movement of air throughout our atmosphere and over the Earth’s surface.
Categories: Atmosphere , Air Movement , Atmospheric Layers , Composition of Air
Grades: 6 , 7 , 8 , 9
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: ultraviolet , stratosphere , troposphere , ozone
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:57 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 12:09 PM
Earth's Atmosphere
This chapter considers various factors of weather, cloud types, movement of air masses, and the development of different types of storms. Discussion concludes with weather forecasting using various tools, maps, and models.
Categories: Atmospheric Water , Cloud Formation , Humidity , Precipitation
Grades: 6 , 7 , 8 , 9
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: tornado , air mass , fog , humidity
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:57 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 12:09 PM
Weather
The chapter considers how the different factors of Earth's dynamic surface affect climate, the different climates found worldwide, and the causes and impacts of climate change.
Categories: Climate , Climate Change , El Nino , Global Warming
Grades: 6 , 7 , 8 , 9
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: rainfall , desert , chaparral , biome
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:57 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 12:09 PM
Climate
This chapter considers the role of ecosystems, including how matter and energy flow through ecosystems, the carbon cycle and how our human population growth affects our global ecosystem.
Categories: Earth Science , Ecosystems , Human Populations , Science
Grades: 6 , 7 , 8 , 9
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: food web , greenhouse effect , overpopulation , global warming
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:57 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 12:09 PM
Ecosystems and Human Populations
This chapter discusses causes and prevention of soil erosion, as well as ways that humans have polluted our land surface with hazardous materials, and what can be done to prevent this type of pollution.
Categories: Earth Science , Human Actions , The Land , Science
Grades: 6 , 7 , 8 , 9
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: pesticides , agriculture , pollution , human health
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:57 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 12:09 PM
Human Actions and the Land
This chapter considers human use of renewable and nonrenewable resources, availability and conservation of resources, as well as ways to conserve energy and use energy more efficiently.
Categories: Earth Science , Human Actions , Earth's Resources , Science
Grades: 6 , 7 , 8 , 9
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: fossil fuels , net energy , energy efficiency , energy conservation
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:57 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 12:09 PM
Human Actions and Earth's Resources
This chapter discusses many ways that water is used, the distribution of water on Earth, as well as types and sources of water pollution, and ways to protect our precious water supplies.
Categories: Earth Science , Human Actions , Earth's Waters , Science
Grades: 6 , 7 , 8 , 9
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: thermal pollution , distribution , conservation , quality
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:58 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 12:09 PM
Human Actions and Earth's Waters
This chapter discusses types of air pollution and their causes, the effects of air pollution, and ways to reduce air pollution.
Categories: Earth Science , Human Actions , The Atmosphere , Science
Grades: 6 , 7 , 8 , 9
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: industrial , fossil fuels , hybrid vehicle , pollution
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:58 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 12:09 PM
Human Actions and the Atmosphere
This chapter begins with a discussion of electromagnetic radiation, types of telescopes, and ways of gathering information from our universe. Information about recent and current space exploration concludes this chapter.
Categories: Earth Science , Astronomy , Space Exploration , Science
Grades: 6 , 7 , 8 , 9
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: astronauts , space station , space race , space
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:58 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 12:09 PM
Observing and Exploring Space
This chapter discusses the basic properties and motions of the Earth, Moon, and Sun, including information about tides and eclipses. Discussion includes information about the Sun's layers and solar activity.
Categories: Earth Science , Astronomy , Planet Earth , The Moon
Grades: 6 , 7 , 8 , 9
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: convective zone , rotation , revolution , moon
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:58 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 12:09 PM
Earth, Moon, and Sun
This chapter covers the motion of the planets, formation of our solar system, plus characteristics and properties of the inner and outer planets, as well as dwarf planets, meteors, asteroids, and comets.
Categories: Earth Science , Astronomy , Solar System , Science
Grades: 6 , 7 , 8 , 9
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: motion around the sun , meteors , orbit , comet
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:58 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 12:09 PM
The Solar System
This chapter covers constellations, how stars produce light and energy, classification of stars, and stellar evolution. Groupings of stars, types of galaxies, dark matter, dark energy, and the Big Bang Theory are also included.
Categories: Earth Science , Astronomy , Galaxies , Stars
Grades: 6 , 7 , 8 , 9
Organizations: CK-12 Foundation , CK-12 Community
Tags: galaxy , milky way , energy , universe
Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:58 PM
Last Edited: Jun. 16, 2010 12:09 PM
Stars, Galaxies, and the Universe
CK-12 Earth Science
CK-12 Earth Science
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Created: Sep. 17, 2009 06:56 PM
Last modified: 2 months, 2 weeks ago

CK-12 Earth Science covers the study of Earth - its minerals and energy resources, processes inside and on its surface, its past, water, weather and climate, the environment and human actions, and astronomy.

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