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# Congruent Angles and Angle Bisectors

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What if you were told that a line segment divides an angle in half? How would you find the measures of the two new angles formed by that segment? After completing this Concept, you'll be able to use the definitions of angle congruency and angle bisector to find such angle measures.

### Watch This

Then watch the first part of this video.

### Guidance

When two geometric figures have the same shape and size (or the same angle measure in the case of angles) they are said to be congruent .

Label It Say It
$\angle ABC \cong \angle DEF$ Angle $ABC$ is congruent to angle $DEF$ .

If two angles are congruent, then they are also equal. To label equal angles we use angle markings , as shown below:

An angle bisector is a line, or a portion of a line, that divides an angle into two congruent angles, each having a measure exactly half of the original angle. Every angle has exactly one angle bisector.

In the picture above, $\overline{BD}$ is the angle bisector of $\angle ABC$ , so $\angle ABD \cong \angle DBC$ and $m\angle ABD = \frac{1}{2} m \angle ABC$ .

#### Example A

Write all equal angle statements.

$m\angle ADB &= m \angle BDC = m \angle FDE = 45^\circ\\m \angle ADF &= m \angle ADC = 90^\circ$

#### Example B

What is the measure of each angle?

From the picture, we see that the angles are equal.

Set the angles equal to each other and solve.

$(5x + 7)^\circ &= (3x + 23)^\circ\\(2x)^\circ &= 16^\circ\\x &= 8$

To find the measure of $\angle ABC$ , plug in $x = 8$ to $(5x + 7)^\circ \rightarrow (5(8) + 7)^\circ = (40 + 7)^\circ = 47^\circ$ . Because $m \angle ABC = m \angle XYZ, \ m \angle XYZ = 47^\circ$ too.

#### Example C

Is $\overline{OP}$ the angle bisector of $\angle SOT$ ?

Yes, $\overline{OP}$ is the angle bisector of $\angle SOT$ from the markings in the picture.

### Guided Practice

For exercises 1 and 2, copy the figure below and label it with the following information:

1. $\angle A \cong \angle C$

2. $\angle B \cong \angle D$

3. Use algebra to determine the value of d:

1. You should have corresponding markings on $\angle A$ and $\angle C$ .

2. You should have corresponding markings on $\angle B$ and $\angle D$ (that look different from the markings you made in #1).

3. The square marking means it is a $90^\circ$ angle, so the two angles are congruent. Set up an equation and solve:

$7d-1&=2d +14\\ 5d&=15\\ d&=3$

### Practice

For 1-4, use the following picture to answer the questions.

1. What is the angle bisector of $\angle TPR$ ?
2. What is $m\angle QPR$ ?
3. What is $m\angle TPS$ ?
4. What is $m\angle QPV$ ?

For 5-6, use algebra to determine the value of variable in each problem.

For 7-10, decide if the statement is true or false.

1. Every angle has exactly one angle bisector.
2. Any marking on an angle means that the angle is $90^\circ$ .
3. An angle bisector divides an angle into three congruent angles.
4. Congruent angles have the same measure.