Summary:
- The genetic code changes the information embedded in DNA and RNA into ordered amino acids and proteins.
- Each codon stands for (encodes) one amino acid, unless it codes for a start or stop signal.
- There are 64 possible codons, more than enough to code for the 20 amino acids.
- Most amino acids are encoded by more than one codon.
- The genetic code is universal, unambiguous, and redundant.
- It can be used to translate the following segment of RNA into a sequence of five amino acids: GUC-GCG-CAU-AGC-AAG.