Flexi Says: Both mitochondria and chloroplasts contain DNA that is distinct from that of the cell nucleus, but similar to the DNA of bacteria; the mitochondria and chloroplast genome is similar to that of bacteria in size and shape. This DNA contains one circular chromosome.Mitochondria and chloroplasts are surrounded by two or more membranes. The composition of the inner membrane is similar to the prokaryotic cell membrane.New mitochondria and chloroplasts are made through a process similar to binary fission. In some algae, the chloroplasts can be destroyed by certain chemicals or the absence of light, without affecting the cell. In such a case, the chloroplasts will not regrow.The internal structure and biochemistry of chloroplasts, (such as the presence of thylakoids and certain chlorophylls), is very similar to that of cyanobacteria.
