Summary:
- The Human Genome Project started in 1990 with the lofty goal of sequencing the complete set of human DNA.
- The particular base sequence of DNA is responsible for the production of all of the different proteins that are present in each and every living thing that has ever inhabited the Earth.
- A gene is a segment of DNA that carries a code for making a specific polypeptide chain.
- The genetic code works as a series of three-letter codes.
- Each sequence of three letters, called a triplet, corresponds to one of the twenty common amino acids.
- The triplets are read by the cell, one after the other, in the process of protein synthesis.